The Stock Exchange Market is an integral part of every imaginable exchanges. This improvement simplifies the procedure of doing transactions with individual buyers for merchants of financial items. This prominent organization not only strives to enhance the status of the stock market, but also looks out for investors’ best interests. Let us look at meaning of stock exchange with examples, how it works and types of it.
What is the purpose of stock exchange should be known before you start with this topic. A stock exchange is a market for the purchase and sale of publicly traded company shares. Listing a company on a stock market is often connect with a certain level of notoriety. This is particularly true for transactions with a longer history. Being a register stock allows investors to purchase the company’s shares, which facilitates expansion by attracting both new customers and investors.
Meaning of Stock Exchange
A stock exchange is a market where individuals and institutions can purchase and sell publicly listed company shares. On stock exchanges, investors can only buy and sell stocks, bonds, and ETPs (Exchange Traded Products), the only three tradable assets (ETPs).
Over-the-counter trading, often refer as OTC trading, occurs directly between the buyer and the seller. It is without an intermediary such as a stock exchange. Investors and speculators, as well as corporations trading on the stock market, will be subject to harsher regulations as a direct result of this.
The requirements a company must meet in order to be register on a stock market can possibly vary significantly between stock exchanges. The cost to list a firm on the NYSE is $70 million, whereas the NASDAQ will only accept companies valued at least $100 million.
It is a venue where buyers and sellers can gather to trade financial products throughout the stipulated hours of each business day, in accordance with SEBI’s spelled-out rules. If your company is publicly tradable, you are permit to trade on that exchange. Transactions in stocks that are not register in a major stock exchange might occur on the “Over The Counter Market”. However, would not place a high value on shares with these characteristics.
How Does it Works?
Since there are no “market makers” or “specialists” employed by them, the majority of Indian stock exchanges operate independently. An electronic limit order book is utilize at each and every stage of the trading procedure on the stock market.
As a result of this configuration, the trading computer will match customer orders with available inventories automatically. Traders can use it to match their market orders with the currently available limit orders that best fit their needs. In order-driven markets, transactional transparency is enhanced because all market orders are made public and exchangeable in the open market.
On the market for stocks and stock shares, all orders are submit via brokers. Direct market access (DMA), which stands for direct market access, is available to retail clients and institutional investors alike. By utilizing the trading terminals made available by stock market brokers, investors can directly enter their orders into the trading system.
Stock Exchange Examples
Each nation has its own stock market for conducting business. The New York Stock Exchanges (NYSE), the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASDAQ); and the Tokyo Stock Exchanges (TSE) (JPX) are among the major exchanges in the world (JPX). The Shanghai Stock Exchanges (SSE) exists in addition to the New York Stock Exchanges (NYSE); the London Stock Exchanges (LSE), and the Bombay Stock Exchanges (BSE).
Types of Stock Exchanges in U.S.A
When a corporation becomes publicly tradable on a stock exchange. It must consider its responsibility to its shareholders, who have gained an ownership stake in the company. Two of the most important financial exchanges in the United States are the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the Nasdaq Stock Market (Nasdaq).
New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
Since its founding in 1792, the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) has been the most important stock exchange in New York City. In April 2007, the NYSE and Euronext, a European stock exchanges, merged, resulting in the founding of NYSE Euronext. The fact that NYSE Euronext also owns NYSE Arca (previously the Pacific Exchange) is an added benefit (formerly the Pacific Exchange).
For a firm to be eligible for listing on the NYSE, it must have at least $4 million in investor equity (NYSE) (NYSE). Despite the fact that the vast majority of trading now occurs online. The exchange maintains a visible headquarters on Wall Street in New York City; which is accessible to both locals and tourists.
The American Stock Exchange (AMEX), another major NYSE, was acquire by the NASDAQ in 2008. It is now a member of that organisation. The AMEX, unlike the NYSE and Nasdaq, prioritised exchange-traded funds (ETFs).
National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System (Nasdaq)
When it comes to screen-based trading, Nasdaq has a larger market capitalization than AMEX. AMEX is a more standard exchange. National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD) established 1971. It is famous for its computerize system and relative modernity in comparison to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) (NYSE). Several of the largest corporations in the world are currently trading on the OTC Markets. These businesses include Apple, Google, Amazon, and Microsoft.
Types of Stock Exchanges in India
It is anticipate that traders will face a reduced risk of counter-party default if they engage in stock market trading. Due to the strict regulatory standards imposed on stock exchanges, this is the case. According to the following table, the Indian stock market can be divide into two basic groups.
Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)
In 1875, Dalal Street in Mumbai was chosen as the location for the city’s first stock exchange; which opened its doors in 1875. It is the oldest stock exchanges in Asia and has the tenth largest market capitalisation in the world.
As of April, almost 6,000 publicly traded companies are register on the Bombay Stock Exchange. Which has a projected market capitalization of $ 4.9 trillion. The Sensex, an indicator of the performance of the BSE, has lately set a new all-time high.
National Stock Exchange (NSE)
The National Stock Exchange of India (NSE), which began operations in 1992 and has its headquarters in Mumbai. It is widely regard as India’s first demutualize and computerize stock market. This stock exchange market was founded to compete with the BSE, which had dominated the Indian stock market previously.
As of March 2016, the National Stock Exchange was rate as the twelfth largest stock market in the world. With an estimated market capitalization of $4,100,000,000,000,000 USD. It is a frequent practice among Indian investors to use the NIFTY 50 as a benchmark to measure the performance of the Indian stock market.
Conclusion
Complete failure of stock exchanges is not unheard of. Potentially though they occur infrequently, stock market crashes can severely diminish the value of an investor’s stock portfolio and even trigger long-term economic growth slowdowns. By employing risk management techniques, investors can reduce their exposure to the volatility of the stock market. Hope you understand the meaning of stock exchange types along with examples and how it works.